Basic of Layer 4

Provides transparent transfer of data between end hosts.

Provides (or doesn't provide) various services to applications:

  • reliable data transfer

  • error recovery

  • data sequencing

  • flow control

Provides Layer 4 addressing (port numbers).

  • Identify the Application Layer protocol.

  • Provides session multiplexing.

In this context, port, does not refer to the physical interfaces/ports on network devices.

  • The following ranges have been designated by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)

    • Well-known port numbers: 0 -1023

    • Registered port numbers: 1024 - 49151

    • Ephemeral/private/dynamic port numbers: 49152 - 65535

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