Notes - MCS
Computer Systems Forensic Analysis
Notes - MCS
Computer Systems Forensic Analysis
  • Computer Systems Forensic Analysis
  • Overview of Cybercrime
    • Cyberspace
    • Information Security Principles
    • Cybercrime vs. Computer Crime
    • Cybercrime slang
      • Images
    • Digital Evidence
  • Introduction to Digital Forensics
    • Concepts
    • Digital Forensic
    • Digital Investigation
    • Digital Crime Scene Investigation Methodology
    • Digital Evidence Handling
    • Ethical Code
  • Obtaining Evidences
    • Introduction
    • Boot Process
    • Secuere Boot Process
    • Windows Boot Process
    • Forensic Boot Tools
    • Bootable CD-ROMS - Linux Based
    • ADS
    • Forensic Sorting Tools
    • Forensic Acquisition
    • Dealing With Media Errors
    • Hidden Areas
    • Write Protection of Evidence Media
    • Storing Acquired Data
    • Image File Acquisition
    • Hash Values
  • Data Organization
    • Data Organization
    • File System
    • File Content
    • Endianness
    • Character Encoding
    • Data Structures
    • Date and Time
    • Encoding
  • Storage Devices
    • BIOS versus direct access
    • Hard Disk Geometry
    • Advanced Technology Attachment Interface
      • Device Configuration Overlay
    • Small Computer Systems Interface
    • NAND Flash memory
    • Level wearing
    • HDD vs SSD
    • Pen USB vs SSD Comparison
    • SSD Connectors, Interfaces, and Transfer Protocols
  • Volumes and Partitions
    • Concepts
    • Partition Tables
    • Sectors Addresses
    • Logical addresses
    • Volume Analysis
    • Types of Partition Tables
    • Common Partition Tables (MBR)
    • Boot Code
    • MBR examination
    • Removable Storage
    • Common Partition Tables (GPT)
    • Common Partition Tables (BSD)
    • Volumes’ Aggregation
  • RAM Analysis
    • RAM Analysis
    • General Computer Architecture
    • DMA – Direct Memory Access
    • Paging
    • Memory Acquisition
  • Mobile Forensics
    • Forensic value of phones
    • International Mobile Equipment Identifier
    • Potential Evidence
    • Forensics Dangers
    • Data Acquisition
    • Logical acquisition
    • Physical acquisition
    • Hashing
    • Software tools
  • Open Source INTelligence
    • Classical sources of information and intelligence
    • Evolution of OSINT - Open Sources Intelligence
    • Information sources
    • Closed source of information
    • Open sources
    • Information to Intelligence Cycle
    • Skills of the Analyst
    • Open Source Possibilities
    • Automated Processing
    • DarkNet
  • Documentation and Reporting
    • Introduction
    • Physical examination
    • Examining a computer
    • Media Examination
    • Examples of things to write in the report
    • Forensic Report
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  • Sectors
  • Distribution
  • Addressing schemes
  1. Storage Devices

Hard Disk Geometry

Last updated 1 year ago

Low-level format.

  • to create data structures.

    • tracks - addresses start from outside.

    • cylinders - all tracks at a given address on all platters C ∈ [0, maxC ].

      • tracks can be addressed by the head number H ∈ [0, maxH ]

    • sectors - subdivision of tracks, typically 512 bytes S ∈ [1, maxS ]

Get one sector CHS.

  • Cylinder address (C).

  • Head number (H).

  • Sector address (S).

Sectors

Distribution

Addressing schemes

Cylinder, Head, Sector (CHS) – used only on older systems.

  • maximum addressable capacity 504 MB.

  • way around the problem with fake geometry.

  • but this translation was limited to address a maximum of 8,1 GB.

Logical Block Address (LBA).

  • each sector has a unique address.

  • the software doesn’t need to know the disk geometry.

  • LBA/CHS conversion:

    • LBA = (C × maxH + H) × maxS + (S − 1)