# Exploiting Buffering Capabilities

Buffering capability and Sequence information (TCP-BuS).

* Uses **explicit route failure notification** (routing error) to detect route failures.
* When **route failure occurs**, **intermediate nodes buffer the pending packets** and TCP s**ender doubles the retransmission timeout** (*RTO*) value.
* Makes use of special messages such as **localized queries and replies to find a path**.
  * Messages modified to carry TCP connection and segment information.
* **Avoid timeouts and unnecessary retransmissions**.
* Pro: **Reduce** the number of **timeout events** → **reduce** the number of **retransmissions**.
* Con: **Require assistance from intermediate nodes**.
  * A special routing protocol is used.